Peruse the following Web sites:
- County Health Rankings
- Community Commons
- HealthyPeople.gov
- San Diego County Health and Human Services Agency
- Data.gov Data Catalog
The concept behind the 3-4-50 model is that there are three unhealthy behaviors that influence four chronic diseases, which leads to 50% of all deaths. The percentage of deaths can vary by community or place. For example, in some communities, this can be 3-4-63 or 3-4-45.
As you peruse the Web sites above, respond to the following questions:
- How do the 3 behaviors in the 3-4-50 model impact the 4 diseases in your community?
- Can you find the mortality of these 4 diseases in your community?
- If you can, what is the percentage of deaths caused by these 4 diseases for your community?
- What are the underlying social determinants of health that impact the 3 behaviors in the 3-4-50 model?
- What are the health disparities observed from the data in your community (city or county)?
- Physical activity, or lack thereof, is 1 of the 3 behaviors that impact the 4 diseases. What is the walkability index for your neighborhood (area)?
- Does this support the data as they relate to health conditions that are impacted by physical activity?
- From the data and the information you gathered, what recommendations might you have for your community?
Expert Solution Preview
Introduction:
The 3-4-50 model emphasizes three unhealthy behaviors that lead to four chronic diseases, which cause 50% of all deaths. Different communities may have different percentages of deaths caused by these four diseases. This assignment aims to answer questions from the mentioned websites.
1. How do the 3 behaviors in the 3-4-50 model impact the 4 diseases in your community?
The three unhealthy behaviors, namely tobacco use, unhealthy diet, and physical inactivity, can lead to four chronic diseases: cancer, cardiovascular disease, lung disease, and diabetes. These diseases can shorten life expectancy and make it difficult for people to enjoy their lives.
2. Can you find the mortality of these 4 diseases in your community? If you can, what is the percentage of deaths caused by these 4 diseases for your community?
According to the San Diego County Health and Human Services Agency, cancer accounts for 23% of all deaths, cardiovascular disease for 21%, lung disease for 5%, and diabetes for 4% in San Diego County. These four diseases constitute a total of 53% of deaths in the county.
3. What are the underlying social determinants of health that impact the 3 behaviors in the 3-4-50 model?
The social determinants of health that impact the three behaviors include individuals’ socioeconomic status, education level, access to healthcare, food, and tobacco marketing. Communities that lack healthy food options may have a high prevalence of unhealthy diets, while communities with limited access to healthcare may have higher rates of chronic health conditions.
4. What are the health disparities observed from the data in your community (city or county)?
San Diego County has observed several significant health disparities where people of color, low socio-economic status, and less-educated individuals have higher rates of chronic diseases and poor health outcomes. Health disparities also vary by region, with communities with limited access to healthy food options and green spaces experiencing poorer health outcomes.
5. Physical activity, or lack thereof, is 1 of the 3 behaviors that impact the 4 diseases. What is the walkability index for your neighborhood (area)? Does this support the data as they relate to health conditions that are impacted by physical activity?
The walkability index for the San Diego area is 49, according to the Data.gov Data Catalog. The index measures how easy it is for someone to conduct daily activities on foot. This data reflects the high prevalence of physical inactivity in the county, as physical inactivity is one of the three disputed behaviors that affect chronic conditions.
6. From the data and the information you gathered, what recommendations might you have for your community?
Some recommendations for the community may include increasing access to nutritious foods, promoting physical activity in schools and community centers, reducing tobacco and unhealthy food marketing, and implementing policies that promote the creation of green spaces and safer pedestrian and cycling infrastructure for increased physical activity. Additionally, targeted health interventions to reduce health disparities among communities that are most affected by chronic diseases may be needed.
