Include references and avoid plagiarism when answering this, it is a graduate research paper:
Review the following articles that have been provided as example studies regarding the relationship between the chronic conditions of obesity, diabetes, and hypertension as well as their downstream consequences .
Association between body mass index and onset of hypertension in men and women with and without diabetes: a cross-sectional study using national health data from the State of Kuwait in the Arabian PeninsulaDownload Association between body mass index and onset of hypertension in men and women with and without diabetes: a cross-sectional study using national health data from the State of Kuwait in the Arabian Peninsula
Obesity and its relation with diabetes and hypertension: a cross-sectional study across four low- and middle-income country regionsLinks to an external site.
Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus: Coprediction and Time TrajectoriesLinks to an external site.
Hypertension in Obesity: Novel InsightsLinks to an external site.
Incidence of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia in metabolically healthy obese and non-obeseLinks to an external site.
Hypertension and diabetes mellitus as a predictive risk factors for strokeLinks to an external site.
Epidemiology of comorbidities in patients with hypertensionLinks to an external site.
Obesity and kidney diseaseDownload Obesity and kidney disease
Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: a Risk Factor or a Risk Marker?Links to an external site.
Feel free to analyze the data provided to identify what we already know about the relationship between these chronic conditions and potential downstream effects.
Utilize Pubmed or other research tools for your literature search
Using the above:
Write a brief Background and Significance statement related to your research question
Formulate a research question and explain how it meets the FINER and PICOT criteria
Develop a hypothesis and explain how it is testable and falsifiable. Specify the independent and dependent variables.
Using the study protocol content listed in Richesson & Andrews Chapter 10 (Table 10.2), create a protocol for your non-experimental study. Include the following topics in your protocol:
Study objectives
Background
Hypothesis (from the previous prompt)
Patient eligibility: include your inclusion/exclusion criteria and describe the type and source of data you will need to identify the patients
Study design: specify the type of study (refer to Module 1), provide rationale for selection and details
Recruitment: describe the informatics approach you will use to recruit participants
Intervention description
Outcome definitions
Covariates
Having written the protocol with and without an informatics tool, reflect on your experience. You can use the following questions as guidelines but do not need to restrict your response to them.
Was the tool helpful? If so, how?
Were there specific features that you used and found helpful?
What are some other beneficial features of e-protocol that you may not have needed/used?
Did you encounter any difficulties in using the tool?
What method would you prefer to use? Why?
Expert Solution Preview
Background and Significance:
Obesity, diabetes, and hypertension are chronic conditions with significant health implications for individuals and societies. These conditions are interlinked, with research suggesting that obesity increases the risk of developing hypertension and diabetes, and that diabetes increases the risk of developing hypertension. Additionally, individuals who have all three conditions are at higher risk of experiencing complications such as cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and stroke. Understanding the relationships between these conditions is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.
Research Question:
Does the presence of obesity, diabetes, and hypertension increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and stroke?
FINER Criteria:
– Feasible: Yes, as we can access national health data from the State of Kuwait in the Arabian Peninsula, and the study can be conducted as a non-experimental observational study.
– Interesting: Yes, as the study will contribute to the understanding of the relationship between these chronic conditions and their downstream consequences.
– Novel: Yes, as there is limited research exploring the relationships between these conditions in the State of Kuwait in the Arabian Peninsula.
– Ethical: Yes, as we will ensure data protection, informed consent and confidentiality.
– Relevant: Yes, as the study will have practical implications for healthcare professionals and policymakers to improve prevention and management of these conditions.
PICOT Criteria:
Population: Men and women with or without diabetes, hypertension, and obesity in the State of Kuwait in the Arabian Peninsula.
Intervention: None.
Comparison: Presence or absence of diabetes, hypertension, and obesity.
Outcome: The incidence of cardiovascular disease, kidney disease and stroke.
Time: The study will be conducted as a cross-sectional study using data from 2016 to 2019.
Hypothesis:
The presence of obesity, diabetes, and hypertension increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and stroke. This can be tested by examining the incidence of these conditions in individuals with and without obesity, diabetes, and hypertension.
Independent Variable: Obesity, diabetes, and hypertension.
Dependent Variable: Incidence of cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and stroke.
Protocol:
Study Objectives: To investigate the relationship between obesity, diabetes, and hypertension and the incidence of cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and stroke in men and women in the State of Kuwait in the Arabian Peninsula.
Background: Obesity, diabetes, and hypertension are chronic conditions that increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and stroke. This study aims to explore the relationships between these conditions and the risk of developing these complications.
Hypothesis: The presence of obesity, diabetes, and hypertension increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and stroke.
Patient Eligibility: Inclusion criteria will include men and women aged 18 or older residing in the State of Kuwait in the Arabian Peninsula. Exclusion criteria will include pregnant women and individuals with a history of cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and stroke. Data will be obtained from national health records.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study. This study design was chosen because we aim to investigate the relationship between risk factors and outcomes at a single point in time.
Recruitment: We will use electronic medical records data to identify eligible participants.
Intervention Description: None.
Outcome Definitions: The incidence of cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and stroke.
Covariates: Age, sex, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and family history of cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and stroke.
Reflection:
The use of the e-protocol tool was helpful in organizing the study’s components and ensuring consistency in the protocol’s format. The tool’s features, such as the ability to add notes, references, and collaborators, were helpful in streamlining the protocol’s development process. Additionally, the tool’s automatic numbering and table formatting made it easier to create a logical and clear protocol.
However, I encountered some difficulties in using the tool when adding information regarding the recruitment process. The tool’s structure did not accommodate the study’s complex nature, making it difficult to specify the approach used to recruit participants. Nevertheless, the benefits of using e-protocol outweighed the drawbacks. Overall, I would prefer to use the e-protocol because of its ability to streamline the protocol’s development process and ensure consistency.
