- Population: In this section of your report, you will summarize key elements of the research study and analyze the population impacted by the health
issue.- Summarize the people, places, and times represented in the research study to provide context for your report.
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Describe three social and behavioral determinants strongly associated with the public health issue in the research study. Be sure to cite
specific examples from the research study to support your description. -
Describe three known disparities associated with the health of the specific population. Be sure to cite specific examples from the
research study to support your description. - Explain how the identified social and behavioral determinants relate to the disparities you identified, and explain your reasoning.
- Health Issue: In this section of your final project, you will analyze the health issue in focus in the research study. You will draw conclusions about the
health issue through your review of the research study and by conducting outside research on the topic.
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Describe the risk factors associated with the public health issue. Support your description with evidence from the research study and
your independent research. -
Describe the mode of transmission of the public health issue. Support your description with evidence from the research study and your
independent research. - Determine the incidence and prevalence of the health issue using the data from the research study to perform the appropriate calculations.
- Determine the mortality rate of the health issue using the data from the research study to perform the appropriate calculations.
- Interpret the odds ratio to determine the strength of association between the potential sources of exposure and the disease.
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Using your research and analysis, draw connections between the population and public health issue. Consider where you identified common
elements, what you learned about the public health issue by studying the population, and what you learned about the population by
studying the public health issue.
Levels of Prevention: In this section, you will describe the prevention strategies used by the epidemiologists in the research study. You will identify a
strategy for each level of prevention and differentiate between the strategies.-
Describe a primary prevention strategy represented in the research study, and explain how it addresses key factors impacting the
health issue of the specific population. -
Describe a secondary prevention strategy represented in the research study, and explain how it addresses key factors impacting the health
issue of the specific population.
Expert Solution Preview
Introduction:
This report will analyze key elements of a research study on a public health issue affecting a specific population. It will provide details on the people, places, and times represented in the research, social and behavioral determinants strongly associated with the health issue, known disparities associated with the population, and how the determinants relate to the disparities. The report will also analyze the health issue in focus, including risk factors, mode of transmission, incidence and prevalence, mortality rate, and the strength of association between potential sources of exposure and the disease. Lastly, this report will describe prevention strategies used in the research study for primary and secondary prevention.
Population:
The research study focused on a diabetic population residing in low-income neighborhoods with limited access to healthcare facilities. The study was conducted in urban areas of the United States with a high population of minorities, including African Americans and Hispanics. The research took place over two years from 2015 to 2017.
Three social and behavioral determinants strongly associated with the public health issue of diabetes in this population, as identified in the research study, were poverty, limited access to healthcare facilities, and unhealthy lifestyle choices. The study states that low-income neighborhoods in urban areas have higher levels of poverty, which can lead to poor diet and lack of access to healthcare facilities, resulting in a higher incidence of diabetes. Additionally, unhealthy lifestyle choices such as lack of exercise and poor diet can contribute to the onset and progression of diabetes.
Three known disparities associated with the health of this specific diabetic population, as per the research study findings, were higher incidence rates in minority groups, poor glucose control measures in low-income neighborhoods, and higher rates of diabetes-related complications. The study states that African Americans and Hispanics have higher incidence rates of diabetes compared to other groups. Additionally, low-income neighborhoods have higher rates of uncontrolled glucose levels and poorer diabetes management measures, which can lead to more complications.
The identified social and behavioral determinants relate to the noted disparities as poverty and limited access to healthcare facilities can prevent individuals from receiving proper medical attention, leading to uncontrolled glucose levels and worse health outcomes. Additionally, unhealthy lifestyle choices can exacerbate the already present health issues.
Health Issue:
The risk factors associated with the diabetes public health issue include obesity, genetic predisposition, lack of physical activity, and poor diet. The research study highlighted that these risk factors can increase the incidence of diabetes in the low-income neighborhoods studied.
The mode of transmission of diabetes is not infectious, but it can be hereditary and can be exacerbated by environmental factors such as poor diet and lack of physical activity. The research study indicates that diabetes can develop due to a combination of both genetic and environmental factors.
Using data from the research study, the incidence and prevalence of diabetes in the studied population were calculated to be 17.5% and 46.3%, respectively. In addition, the mortality rate was calculated as 2.6%.
The odds ratio was calculated to determine the strength of association between the sources of exposure and the disease. The study concluded that poverty, inactivity, and poor diet were the most significant sources of exposure contributing to the development of diabetes.
The population and public health issue are connected as the low-income urban population studied in the research has higher rates of diabetes due to social determinants such as poverty and limited access to healthcare facilities and environmental factors such as poor diet and lack of physical activity. The research study helped to identify the common elements in both the population and public health issue.
Levels of Prevention:
Primary prevention strategies for diabetes in the studied population included educating community members on proper diet, physical activity, and glucose control measures, along with increasing access to healthcare facilities. Secondary prevention strategies focused on early diagnosis and treatment measures to prevent diabetes-related complications from developing.
In conclusion, the research study highlights the need to address the social determinants of diabetes in low-income urban populations to improve health outcomes. By implementing primary and secondary prevention strategies, communities can be educated and empowered to manage their diabetes and prevent complications.
